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List of natural compounds acting against coronavirus life cycle phases

Anti-HCoV is a collection of 174 natural compounds that were revealed to have antiviral action in one or more phases of the human coronaviruses replication. This collection was organized by ML Chiusano and her collaborators (Monticolo F. & Palomba E., De Santis R., Assentato L., Triscino V., Langella MC,Lanzotti V.) to support the current fight to the disease.

Compound name, their chemical Classification, their Source, their Phase of action, their Target and methods of identification (In silico or In vitro) and, in case, Cell lines are indicated.

If you find helpful this table please cite http://letsbe-ready.org/ and Monticolo, F., Palomba, E., De Santis, R., Assentato, L., Triscino, V., Langella, M. C., Lanzotti, V., & Chiusano, M. L. (2020). "Anti-HCoV: A web resource to collect natural compounds against human coronaviruses. Trends in food science & technology, 106, 1–11".

Type a keyword to filter raws in the table:

3β-acetoxy friedelaneTerpenesE. Neriifolia (leaves)---HCoV-229EMRC-5-Not availableChang, F. R., et, al. (2012). Nat Prod Commun
3β-friedelanolTerpenesE. Neriifolia (leaves)---HCoV-229EMRC-5-Not availableChang, F. R., et, al. (2012). Nat Prod Commun
AndrographolideTerpenesA. paniculata--In silico prediction---Not availableLi, X.,et al., (2020) Preprints
BerbamineAlkaloidsBerberidaceae---HCoV-NL63--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
CiclosporinCiclosporinsB. nivea--In silico prediction--72AvailableLi, X.,et al., (2020) Preprints
CorylifolPyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/FlavonoidsP. corylifolia-- HCoV-OC43MRC-5-Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
EmetineAlkaloidsU. ipecacuanha-- SARS-CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
EpitaraxerolTerpenesE. Neriifolia (leaves)---HCoV-229EMRC-5-Not availableChang, F. R., et, al. (2012). Nat Prod Commun
Extract from leaves-A. mexicana--In silico prediction---Not availableLi, X.,et al., (2020) Preprints
FramycetinNeomycinS. fradiae--In silico prediction---Not availableLi, X.,et al., (2020) Preprints
FriedelinTerpenesE. Neriifolia (leaves)---HCoV-229EMRC-5-Not availableChang, F. R., et, al. (2012). Nat Prod Commun
Leaf extract-P. lingua (Leaf)---SARS-CoV (BJ001, BJ006)Vero E6-Not availableLi, S. Y., et al., (2005) Antivir res
LeptodactyloneBenzopyransB. sessilicarpa ---SARS-CoVVero E6-Not availableYang, QY., et al., (2007) J Asian Nat Prod Res
MimosineAmino acidsLeucena glauca--In silico prediction---Not availableLi, X.,et al., (2020) Preprints
MimuloneFlavonoidsP. tomentosa---SARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
Procyanidin B1Tannins/ProanthocyanidinsCinnamomi cortex-- HCoV-OC43 - HCoV- NL63 - MERS-CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
ProlineAmino acids---In silico prediction---Not availableLi, X.,et al., (2020) Preprints
PseudoephedrineAlkaloidsEphedraceae--In silico prediction--21AvailableLi, X.,et al., (2020) Preprints
Resveratrol PhenolsV. vinifera; P. cuspidatum; V. macrocarpon---Mouse infected with MERS-CoV -3AvailableLin S.C., et al., (2017) BMC Infect Dis
Root extract-L. aggregate (Root)---SARS-CoV (BJ001, BJ006)Vero E6-Not availableLi, S. Y., et al., (2005) Antivir res
RutamarinPyrans/BenzopyransB. sessilicarpa ---SARS-CoVVero E6-Not availableYang, QY., et al., (2007) J Asian Nat Prod Res
Saikosaponins AGlycosides/SaponinsBupleurum spp---HCoV-229E--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
Saikosaponins CGlycosides/SaponinsBupleurum spp---HCoV-229E--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
Saikosaponins DGlycosides/SaponinsBupleurum spp---HCoV-229E--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
TapinarofPhenolsPhotorhabdus--In silico prediction---Not availableLi, X.,et al., (2020) Preprints
Whole plant extract-A. annua (Whole plant)---SARS-CoV (BJ001, BJ006)Vero E6-Not availableLi, S. Y., et al., (2005) Antivir res
(-)-Epigallocatechin gallatePyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/FlavonoidsC. sinensisAutoproteolytic activation PLproIn silico prediction--2AvailableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
(1S,2R,4aS,5R,8aS)-1-Formamido-1,4a-dimethyl-6-methylene-5-((E)-2-(2-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-3-yl)ethenyl)decahydronaphthalen-2-yl 2-nitrobenzoateTerpenesA. paniculataAutoproteolytic activation 3CLproIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
(S)-(1S,2R,4aS,5R,8aS)-1-Formamido-1,4a-dimethyl-6-methylene-5-((E)-2-(2-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-3-yl)ethenyl)decahydronaphthalen-2-yl-2-amino-3-phenylpropanoateTerpenesA. paniculataAutoproteolytic activation 3CLpro - PLproIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
2,2-Di(3-indolyl)-3-indoloneIndolesI. indigoticaAutoproteolytic activation 3CLpro - PLproIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
3′-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)- 3′,4,7-trihydroxyflavaneFlavonoidsB. papyriferaAutoproteolytic activation 3CLpro or PLpro-HCoVs - MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res - Park, J. Y., et al. (2017). J Enzym Inhib Med Ch
3′-O-methyldiplacolFlavonoidsP. tomentosaAutoproteolytic activation PLpro-SARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
3′-O-methyldiplaconeFlavonoidsP. tomentosaAutoproteolytic activation PLpro-SARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
3-Isotheaflavin-3-gallatePolyphenolsBlack teaAutoproteolytic activationPLpro SARS-CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
4′-O-methyldiplacolFlavonoidsP. tomentosaAutoproteolytic activation PLpro-SARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
4′-O-methyldiplaconeFlavonoidsP. tomentosaAutoproteolytic activation PLpro-SARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
SugiolTerpenesHerbal plantsGenomic RNA replication, autoproteolytic activationReplication, 3CLproIn silico prediction---Not availableZhang, D. H., (2020) J Integr Med
4-hydroxyisolonchocarpinFlavonoidsB. papyriferaAutoproteolytic activation 3CLpro - PLpro-MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV--Not availablePark, J. Y., et al. (2017). J Enzym Inhib Med Ch
4'-O-methylbavachalconePhenolsP. corylifoliaAutoproteolytic activation PLpro-SARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
6-geranyl-4′,5,7-trihydroxy-3′,5′-dimethoxyflavanoneFlavonoidsP. tomentosaAutoproteolytic activation PLpro-SARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
7-MethoxycryptopleurineQuinolizinesT. indicaAutoproteolytic activation 3CLpro or PLpro-SARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
8β-hydroxyabieta-9(11),13-dien-12-oneTerpenesC. regelianusAutoproteolytic activation3CLpro SARS-CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
CryptotanshinoneHydrocarbonsHerbal plantsAutoproteolytic activationPLpro and 3CLproIn silico prediction---Not availableZhang, D. H., (2020) J Integr Med
Amentoflavone Pyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/FlavonoidsT. nuciferaAutoproteolytic activation 3CLpro-SARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
AndrograpaninTerpenesA. paniculataAutoproteolytic activation 3CLproIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
Apigenin Pyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/FlavonoidsT. nuciferaAutoproteolytic activation 3CLpro-SARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
Bavachinin Pyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/FlavonoidsP. corylifoliaAutoproteolytic activation 3CLpro-SARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
DihydrotanshinoneHydrocarbonsHerbal plantsTranslation of S proteinEntry and S proteinIn silico prediction---Not availableZhang, D. H., (2020) J Integr Med
BerchemolGlycosides/GlucosidesS. maculataAutoproteolytic activation 3CLproIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
Beta-sitosterol Phytosterols/SitosterolI. indigoticaAutoproteolytic activation PLpro-SARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
BiorobinGlycosidesF. benjaminaAutoproteolytic activation 3CLproIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
Broussochalcone APyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/FlavonoidsB. papyriferaAutoproteolytic activation 3CLpro - PLpro-MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res - Park, J. Y., et al. (2017). J Enzym Inhib Med Ch
LignanLignansPlantsGenomic RNA replication, autoproteolytic activationReplication, 3CLproIn silico prediction---Not availableZhang, D. H., (2020) J Integr Med
Broussochalcone BPyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/FlavonoidsB. papyriferaAutoproteolytic activation 3CLpro or PLpro-HCoVs - MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res - Park, J. Y., et al. (2017). J Enzym Inhib Med Ch
Broussoflavan AFlavonoidsB. papyriferaAutoproteolytic activation 3CLpro or PLpro-HCoVs - MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res - Park, J. Y., et al. (2017). J Enzym Inhib Med Ch
Broussonol EPyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/FlavonoidsB. papyriferaAutoproteolytic activation 3CLpro - PLpro-SARS‑CoV - MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res - Park, J. Y., et al. (2017). J Enzym Inhib Med Ch
CerevisterolPhytosterolsV. diffusaAutoproteolytic activation 3CLproIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
Chrysin-7-O-β-glucuronideFlavonoidsS. baicalensisAutoproteolytic activation 3CLproIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
Cinnamtannin B1Tannins/ProanthocyanidinsCinnamomi cortexAutoproteolytic activation3CLpro SARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
Cleistocaltone ATerpenesC. operculatusAutoproteolytic activation 3CLproIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
CoumaroyltyramineAminesF. cymosi rhizoma - Anemarrhenae rhizoma Autoproteolytic activation 3CLpro - PLproIn silico prediction---Not availableZhang, D. H., (2020) J Integr Med
CurcuminDiarylheptanoidsCurcuma longaAutoproteolytic activation 3CLpro-SARS‑CoV--2Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
DeacetylcentapicrinGlycosidesS. macrospermaAutoproteolytic activation 3CLproIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
Diarylheptanoids DiarylheptanoidsA. japonica Autoproteolytic activation PLpro----Not availablePark, JY., et al., (2012) Biol Pharm Bull
Dihomo-γ-linolenic acidAutacoidsLepidii semen descurainiae semenAutoproteolytic activation 3CLproIn silico prediction---Not availableZhang, D. H., (2020) J Integr Med
DiplaconePyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/FlavonoidsP. tomentosaAutoproteolytic activation PLpro-HCoVs--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
FlavonoidsFlavonoidsP. tomentosaAutoproteolytic activation PLpro-SARS-CoV (ulbani strain)-2AvailableCho, J. K., et al. (2013) Bioorg Med Chem
HinokininLignansC. obtusaAutoproteolytic activation 3CLpro-SARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
Indigo IndolesI. indigoticaAutoproteolytic activation 3CLpro-SARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
Isobavachalcone KetonesP. corylifoliaAutoproteolytic activation PLpro-SARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
IsodecortinolSterolsV. diffusaAutoproteolytic activation 3CLproIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
KaempferolPyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/FlavonoidsE. breviscapus - Anemarrhenae rhizoma - A. japonicae herba - Asteris radix et rhizoma - Chrysanthemi flos - Epimrdii herba - Eriobotryae folium - E. helioscopiae herba - F. flos - Floium mori - F. fructus - Fortunes bossfern rhizome - Ginkgo semen - H. multijugum maxim. - H. herba - H. dulcis semen - I. flos - Lepidii semen descurainiae semen - L. japonicae flos - Mori follum - Radix bupleuri - T. cacumen - Cortex mori - G. glabraAutoproteolytic activation 3CLpro - PLproIn silico prediction---Not availableZhang, D. H., (2020) J Integr Med
Kazinol APyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/FlavonoidsB. papyriferaAutoproteolytic activation 3CLpro - PLpro-SARS‑CoV - MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res - Park, J. Y., et al. (2017). J Enzym Inhib Med Ch
Kazinol BPyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/FlavonoidsB. papyriferaAutoproteolytic activation 3CLpro - PLpro-SARS‑CoV - MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res - Park, J. Y., et al. (2017). J Enzym Inhib Med Ch
Kazinol FPyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/FlavonoidsB. papyriferaAutoproteolytic activation 3CLpro - PLpro-SARS‑CoV - MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res - Park, J. Y., et al. (2017). J Enzym Inhib Med Ch
Kazinol JPyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/FlavonoidsB. papyriferaAutoproteolytic activation 3CLpro - PLpro-SARS‑CoV - MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res - Park, J. Y., et al. (2017). J Enzym Inhib Med Ch
Kouitchenside IXanthenes/XanthonesS. kouitchensisAutoproteolytic activation 3CLproIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
LycorineAlkaloidsL. radiata (Stem cortex)Autoproteolytic activation 3CLpro-SARS-CoV (BJ001, BJ006) - SARS‑CoVVero E6-Not availableLi, S. Y., et al., (2005) Antivir res - Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
MagnololLignansM. officinalisAutoproteolytic activation PLproIn silico prediction--1AvailableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
MoupinamideCinnamatesCoptidis rhizomaAutoproteolytic activation PLproIn silico prediction---Not availableZhang, D. H., (2020) J Integr Med
Neobavaisoflavone Pyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/FlavonoidsP. corylifoliaAutoproteolytic activation PLpro-SARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
Oleanolic acidTerpenesS. kouitchensisAutoproteolytic activation 3CLproIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
OuabainGlycosides/StophanthinsA. schimperi - S. gratusAutoproteolytic activationPLpro SARS-CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
Phaitanthrin DQuinazolinesI. indigoticaAutoproteolytic activation PLproIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
PiceatannolStilbenesV. viniferaAutoproteolytic activation PLproIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
Procyanidin A2 TerpenesCinnamomi cortexAutoproteolytic activation 3CLpro or PLpro-HCoVs--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
QuercetinFlavonoidsA. japonicae herba - Asteris radix et rhizoma - Chrysanthemi flos - Coptidis rhizoma - Epimrdii herba - E. breviscapus - E. folium - E. helioscopiae herba - F. flos - Floium mori - F. fructus - Ginkgo semen - H. multijugum maxim. - H. herba - H. dulcis semen - I. flos - Lepidii semen descurainiae semen - L. japonicae flos - Mori follum - Peucedani radix - Bupleuri radix - F. cymosi rhizoma - T. cacumen - Cortex mori - G. glabra - T. nuciferaAutoproteolytic activation 3CLpro - PLproIn silico prediction---Not availableZhang, D. H., (2020) J Integr Med - Li, X.,et al., (2020) Preprints - Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
Quercetin-3-β-galactoside FlavonoidsH. perforatumAutoproteolytic activation 3CLpro-SARS-CoV--Not availableChen, L. et al., (2006). Bioorg Med Chem
Rosmarinic acidBenzoatesS. verticillata L.Autoproteolytic activation 3CLpro - PLproIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
Rosmariquinone PhenanthrenesS. miltiorrhizaAutoproteolytic activation 3CLpro-SARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
SavininLignansP. santalinusAutoproteolytic activation 3CLpro-SARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
Stigmast-5-en-3-olPhytosterolsS. binchuanensisAutoproteolytic activation 3CLproIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
Tannic acidPolyphenolsC. sinensisAutoproteolytic activation 3CLpro-SARS-CoV-232AvailableChen, C. N., et al. (2005) Ecam
Tanshinone IIaTerpenesPeucedani radixAutoproteolytic activation 3CLpro - PLproIn silico prediction---Not availableZhang, D. H., (2020) J Integr Med
(1S,2R,4aS,5R,8aS)-1-Formamido-1,4a-dimethyl-6-methylene-5-((E)-2-(2-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-3-yl)ethenyl)decahydronaphthalen-2-yl 5-((R)-1,2-dithiolan-3-yl) pentanoateTerpenesA. paniculataAutoproteolytic activation - Genomic RNA replication3CLpro - RdRpIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
2-((1R,5R,6R,8aS)-6-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-5,8a-dimethyl-2-methylenedecahydronaphthalen-1-yl)ethyl benzoateTerpenesA. paniculataAutoproteolytic activation - Genomic RNA replication3CLpro - RdRpIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-2-[[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-5,7-dihydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-3-yl]oxy]-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-3,4,5,7-tetrolTannins/ProanthocyanidinsV. viniferaAutoproteolytic activation - Genomic RNA replication PLpro - RdRpIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
2β-Hydroxy-3, 4-seco-friedelolactone-27-oic acidFriedelolactones V. diffusaAutoproteolytic activation - Genomic RNA replication3CLpro - RdRpIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
AndrographisideTerpenesA. paniculataAutoproteolytic activation - Genomic RNA replication3CLpro - RdRpIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
BaicalinPyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/FlavonoidsS. baicalensisAutoproteolytic activation - Genomic RNA replication PLpro - RdRpIn silico predictionIn vitro antiviral activity against 10 isolates of SARS-CoVfRhK-4-Not availableChen, F., et al. (2004), J Clin Virol - Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
Betulinic acidTerpenesCortex mori - F. Fructus - H. multijugum maxim. - T. cacumen - Eriobotryae folium - G. glabra - Peucedani radix Autoproteolytic activation - Genomic RNA replication3CLproIn silico predictionSARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res - Zhang, D. H., (2020) J Integr Med
BetulonalTerpenes C. xylocarpaAutoproteolytic activation - Genomic RNA replication3CLpro - RdRpIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
GnidicinTerpenesG. lampranthaAutoproteolytic activation - Genomic RNA replication 3CLpro - RdRpIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
HesperidinGlycosides/HesperidinC. aurantium L. - Swertia genusAutoproteolytic activation - Genomic RNA replication 3CLpro - HelicaseIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
PhyllaemblinolTerpenesP. emblicaAutoproteolytic activation - Genomic RNA replication 3CLpro - HelicaseIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
Sugetriol-3,9-diacetateTerpenesC. rotundusAutoproteolytic activation - Genomic RNA replication PLpro - RdRpIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
Theaflavin 3,3′-di-O-gallateFlavonoidsC. sinensisAutoproteolytic activation - Genomic RNA replication 3CLpro - RdRpIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
Platycodin DGlycosides/SaponinsP. grandiflorasAutoproteolytic activation - Subgenomic RNAs transcriptionPLpro - Nsp1, Nsp3c, and ORF7aIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
(R)-((1R,5aS,6R,9aS)-1,5a-Dimethyl-7-methylene-3-oxo-6-((E)-2-(2-oxo-2,5- dihydrofuran-3-yl)ethenyl)decahydro-1H-benzo[c]azepin-1-yl)methyl 2-amino-3-phenylpropanoateTerpenesA. paniculataGenomic RNA replication RdRpIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
1,2,6-Trimethoxy-8-[(6-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-9H-xanthen-9-oneXanthenes/XanthonesS. mussotiiGenomic RNA replication RdRpIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
1,7-Dihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthoneXanthenes/XanthonesS. pseudochinensisGenomic RNA replication RdRpIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
1,8-Dihydroxy-6-methoxy-2-[(6-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-9H-xanthen-9-oneXanthenes/XanthonesS. kouitchensisGenomic RNA replication RdRpIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
14-Deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolideTerpenesA. paniculataGenomic RNA replication RdRpIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
14-hydroxycyperotundoneTerpenesC. rotundusGenomic RNA replication RdRpIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
1-hydroxy-2,6-dimethoxy-8-[(6-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-9H-xanthen-9-oneXanthenes/XanthonesSwertia genusGenomic RNA replication HelicaseIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
2β,30β-Dihydroxy-3,4-seco-friedelolactone-27-lactoneFriedelolactonesV. diffusaGenomic RNA replication RdRpIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
3,5-dimethoxy-1-[(6-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-9H-xanthen-9-oneXanthenes/XanthonesSwertia genusGenomic RNA replication HelicaseIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
3β,12-diacetoxyabieta-6,8,11,13-tetraeneTerpenes-Genomic RNA replication--SARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
8-(β-D-Glucopyranosyloxy)-1,3,5-trihydroxy-9H-xanthen-9-oneXanthenes/XanthonesS. mussotiiGenomic RNA replication RdRpIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
8,2-dihydroxy-3,4,5-trimethoxy-1-[(6-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-9H-xanthen-9-oneXanthenes/XanthonesSwertia genusGenomic RNA replication HelicaseIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
8β-hydroxyabieta-9(11),13-dien-12-one-C. harringtoniaGenomic RNA replication--SARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
AescinGlycosides/Saponins/EscinA. hippocastanumGenomic RNA replication--SARS-CoV (H.K. strain)Vero E61AvailableWu CY., et al., (2004) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Betulonic acidTerpenes-Genomic RNA replication- SARS-CoV--Not available Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
FerruginolTerpenesS. sempervirensGenomic RNA replication--SARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
Ginsenoside-Rb1 Glycosides/SaponinsP. ginseng Genomic RNA replication--SARS-CoV (H.K. strain)Vero E6-Not availableWu CY., et al., (2004) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
HomoV.inPyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/FlavonoidsSwertia genusGenomic RNA replication HelicaseIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
Kouitchenside AXanthenes/XanthonesSwertia genusGenomic RNA replication HelicaseIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
Kouitchenside HXanthenes/XanthonesSwertia genusGenomic RNA replication HelicaseIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
MyricetinFlavonoidsA. perviridis - Myricaceae - Anacardiaceae - Polygonaceae - Pinaceae - PrimulaceaeGenomic RNA replication HelicaseIn silico predictionSARS‑CoV--Not availablePark, JY., et al., (2012) Biol Pharm Bull - Li, X.,et al., (2020) Preprints - Keum, Y. S., et al., (2012) Biochem Pharmacol
Phyllaemblicin BTerpenesP. emblicaGenomic RNA replication Helicase - RdRpIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
Quercetagetin 6-O-β-D-glucopyranosideFlavonoidsSwertia genusGenomic RNA replication HelicaseIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
ReserpineAlkaloidsRauwolfiaGenomic RNA replication--SARS-CoV (H.K. strain)Vero E6-Not availableWu CY., et al., (2004) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
RutinPyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/FlavonoidsSwertia genusGenomic RNA replication HelicaseIn silico prediction--1AvailableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
ScutellareinPyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/FlavonoidsS. lateriflora - A. perviridisGenomic RNA replication Helicase-SARS-CoV--Not availableKeum, Y. S., et al., (2012) Biochem Pharmacol - Park, JY., et al., (2012) Biol Pharm Bull
SinefunginGlycosides/NucleosidesStreptomycesGenomic RNA replication RNA guanine-N7-methyltransferase-SARS-CoV--Not availableSun, Y., et al. (2014) Antivir res
Triptexanthoside DXanthenes/XanthonesSwertia genusGenomic RNA replication HelicaseIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
α-glucosyl hesperidinFlavonoidsSwertia genusGenomic RNA replication HelicaseIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
EmodinQuinonesRhubarbReceptor binding and viral entry S protein-SARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
Excoecaria toxin TerpenesE. agallochaReceptor binding and viral entry S proteinIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
GlycyrrhizinTerpenesG. glabra rootReceptor binding and viral entry--Clinical isolates of coronavirus (FFM-1 and FFM-2)Vero E65AvailableCinatl, J., et al., (2003) The Lancet - Chen, F., et al. (2004), J Clin Virol
LectinsLectinsPlantsReceptor binding and viral entryS protein-SARS-CoV (Frankfurt 1 strain)Vero E62AvailableKeyaerts, E., et al., (2007) Antivir res
LicoflavonolFlavonoidsG. uralensisReceptor binding and viral entry S proteinIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
MangostinXanthenes/XanthonesG. mangostanaReceptor binding and viral entry S proteinIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
Phyllaemblicin G7TerpenesP. emblicaReceptor binding and viral entry S proteinIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
Piceatannol StilbenesV. viniferaReceptor binding and viral entry S proteinIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
PsoralidinPyrans/Benzopyrans/CoumarinsP. corylifoliaReceptor binding and viral entry- SARS-CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
RheinQuinonesRhubarbReceptor binding and viral entry S protein-SARS‑CoV-1AvailableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
Saikosaponins B2Glycosides/SaponinsBupleurum sppReceptor binding and viral entry--HCoV-229E--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
ChrysinPyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/FlavonoidsS. baicalensisReceptor binding and viral entry - Autoproteolytic activation S protein - PLproIn silico predictionSARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res - Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
CosmosiinPyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/FlavonoidsS. baicalensisReceptor binding and viral entry - Autoproteolytic activationS protein - 3CLproIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
LuteolinPyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/FlavonoidsT. nuciferaReceptor binding and viral entry - Autoproteolytic activation3CLpro or Plpro-SARS‑CoV, HCoVs--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
NeohesperidinPyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/FlavonoidsC. aurantiumReceptor binding and viral entry - Autoproteolytic activationS protein - 3CLpro - PLproIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
Extract-Eucalyptus - G. scabra - D. batatas - C. tora - T. chinensis - C. barometz - H. cordata aq. - I. indigotica - L. japonica - P. ginseng - Rheum officinale Baill., P. multiflorum Thunb.Receptor binding and viral entry - Autoproteolytic activation - Genomic RNA replication S protein - 3CLproIn silico predictionSARS-CoV (H.K. strain)Vero E61AvailableWu CY., et al., (2004) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A - Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
HarmonylAlkaloidsFortunes bossfern rhizomeReceptor binding and viral entry - Autoproteolytic activation - Genomic RNA replication3CLproIn silico prediction---Not availableZhang, D. H., (2020) J Integr Med
Hesperetin Glycosides/HesperidinI. indigoticaReceptor binding and viral entry - Genomic RNA replication--SARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
Kouitchenside DXanthenes/XanthonesSwertia genus - S. kouitchensisReceptor binding and viral entry - Genomic RNA replicationS protein - HelicaseIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
CefpiramideBeta-LactamsP. grandiflorasSubgenomic RNAs transcription Nsp1, Nsp3c, and ORF7aIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
JuglaninPyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/FlavonoidsP. aviculareSubgenomic RNAs transcription 3a protein-SARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
LymecyclineTetracyclinesP. grandiflorasSubgenomic RNAs transcription Nsp1, Nsp3c, and ORF7aIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
PiperacillinBeta-LactamsP. grandiflorasSubgenomic RNAs transcription Nsp1, Nsp3c, and ORF7aIn silico prediction--4AvailableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
StreptomycinGlycosidesP. grandiflorasSubgenomic RNAs transcription Nsp1, Nsp3c, and ORF7aIn silico prediction--2AvailableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
TetracyclineTetracyclinesP. grandiflorasSubgenomic RNAs transcription Nsp1, Nsp3c, and ORF7aIn silico prediction--2AvailableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
VitexinPyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/FlavonoidsV. negundoSubgenomic RNAs transcription Nsp1, Nsp3c, and ORF7aIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
AmentoflavoneFlavonesT. nuciferaAutoproteolytic activation3CLpro-SARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
ApigeninPyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/FlavonoidsT. nuciferaAutoproteolytic activation3CLpro-SARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
BavachininPyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/FlavonoidsP. corylifoliaAutoproteolytic activationPLpro-SARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
Beta-sitosterolPhytosterols/SitosterolI. indigoticaAutoproteolytic activation3CLpro-SARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
6-geranyl-4′,5,7-trihydroxy-3′,5′-dimethoxyflavanoneFlavonesP. tomentosaAutoproteolytic activation3CLpro-SARS-CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
8β-hydroxyabieta-9(11),13-dien-12-oneTerpensI. indigoticaGenomic RNA replicationReplication-SARS-CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
SinigrinGlycosides/Glucosides/Thioglucosides/GlucosinolatesP. tomentosaAutoproteolytic activation3CLpro - PLpro -SARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
Tetra-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose (TGG)-P. EmblicaReceptor binding and viral entry--SARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
TomentinCoumarins-Autoproteolytic activation3CLpro - PLpro -SARS‑CoV--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
Wogonoside FlavonoidsS. baicalensisSubgenomic RNAs transcription Nsp1, Nsp3c, and ORF7aIn silico prediction---Not availableWu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B.
CepharanthineAlkaloidsS. tetrandraTranslation of S, M, and E proteinsS and N protein expression-HCoV-OC43MRC-5-Not availableKim, D. E., et al., (2019) Biomolecules
FangchinolineAlkaloidsS. tetrandraTranslation of S, M, and E proteinsS and N protein expression-HCoV-OC43MRC-5-Not availableKim, D. E., et al., (2019) Biomolecules
SilvestrolTerpenesAglaiaTranslation of S, M, and E proteins--HCoV-229E--Not availableIslam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res
TetrandrineAlkaloidsS. tetrandraTranslation of S, M, and E proteinsS and N protein expression-HCoV-OC43MRC-51AvailableKim, D. E., et al., (2019) Biomolecules