3β-acetoxy friedelane | Terpenes | E. Neriifolia (leaves) | - | - | - | HCoV-229E | MRC-5 | - | Not available | Chang, F. R., et, al. (2012). Nat Prod Commun |
3β-friedelanol | Terpenes | E. Neriifolia (leaves) | - | - | - | HCoV-229E | MRC-5 | - | Not available | Chang, F. R., et, al. (2012). Nat Prod Commun |
Andrographolide | Terpenes | A. paniculata | - | - | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Li, X.,et al., (2020) Preprints |
Berbamine | Alkaloids | Berberidaceae | - | - | - | HCoV-NL63 | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Ciclosporin | Ciclosporins | B. nivea | - | - | In silico prediction | - | - | 72 | Available | Li, X.,et al., (2020) Preprints |
Corylifol | Pyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/Flavonoids | P. corylifolia | - | - | | HCoV-OC43 | MRC-5 | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Emetine | Alkaloids | U. ipecacuanha | - | - | | SARS-CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Epitaraxerol | Terpenes | E. Neriifolia (leaves) | - | - | - | HCoV-229E | MRC-5 | - | Not available | Chang, F. R., et, al. (2012). Nat Prod Commun |
Extract from leaves | - | A. mexicana | - | - | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Li, X.,et al., (2020) Preprints |
Framycetin | Neomycin | S. fradiae | - | - | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Li, X.,et al., (2020) Preprints |
Friedelin | Terpenes | E. Neriifolia (leaves) | - | - | - | HCoV-229E | MRC-5 | - | Not available | Chang, F. R., et, al. (2012). Nat Prod Commun |
Leaf extract | - | P. lingua (Leaf) | - | - | - | SARS-CoV (BJ001, BJ006) | Vero E6 | - | Not available | Li, S. Y., et al., (2005) Antivir res |
Leptodactylone | Benzopyrans | B. sessilicarpa | - | - | - | SARS-CoV | Vero E6 | - | Not available | Yang, QY., et al., (2007) J Asian Nat Prod Res |
Mimosine | Amino acids | Leucena glauca | - | - | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Li, X.,et al., (2020) Preprints |
Mimulone | Flavonoids | P. tomentosa | - | - | - | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Procyanidin B1 | Tannins/Proanthocyanidins | Cinnamomi cortex | - | - | | HCoV-OC43 - HCoV- NL63 - MERS-CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Proline | Amino acids | - | - | - | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Li, X.,et al., (2020) Preprints |
Pseudoephedrine | Alkaloids | Ephedraceae | - | - | In silico prediction | - | - | 21 | Available | Li, X.,et al., (2020) Preprints |
Resveratrol | Phenols | V. vinifera; P. cuspidatum; V. macrocarpon | - | - | - | Mouse infected with MERS-CoV | - | 3 | Available | Lin S.C., et al., (2017) BMC Infect Dis |
Root extract | - | L. aggregate (Root) | - | - | - | SARS-CoV (BJ001, BJ006) | Vero E6 | - | Not available | Li, S. Y., et al., (2005) Antivir res |
Rutamarin | Pyrans/Benzopyrans | B. sessilicarpa | - | - | - | SARS-CoV | Vero E6 | - | Not available | Yang, QY., et al., (2007) J Asian Nat Prod Res |
Saikosaponins A | Glycosides/Saponins | Bupleurum spp | - | - | - | HCoV-229E | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Saikosaponins C | Glycosides/Saponins | Bupleurum spp | - | - | - | HCoV-229E | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Saikosaponins D | Glycosides/Saponins | Bupleurum spp | - | - | - | HCoV-229E | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Tapinarof | Phenols | Photorhabdus | - | - | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Li, X.,et al., (2020) Preprints |
Whole plant extract | - | A. annua (Whole plant) | - | - | - | SARS-CoV (BJ001, BJ006) | Vero E6 | - | Not available | Li, S. Y., et al., (2005) Antivir res |
(-)-Epigallocatechin gallate | Pyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/Flavonoids | C. sinensis | Autoproteolytic activation | PLpro | In silico prediction | - | - | 2 | Available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
(1S,2R,4aS,5R,8aS)-1-Formamido-1,4a-dimethyl-6-methylene-5-((E)-2-(2-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-3-yl)ethenyl)decahydronaphthalen-2-yl 2-nitrobenzoate | Terpenes | A. paniculata | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
(S)-(1S,2R,4aS,5R,8aS)-1-Formamido-1,4a-dimethyl-6-methylene-5-((E)-2-(2-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-3-yl)ethenyl)decahydronaphthalen-2-yl-2-amino-3-phenylpropanoate | Terpenes | A. paniculata | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro - PLpro | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
2,2-Di(3-indolyl)-3-indolone | Indoles | I. indigotica | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro - PLpro | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
3′-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)- 3′,4,7-trihydroxyflavane | Flavonoids | B. papyrifera | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro or PLpro | - | HCoVs - MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res - Park, J. Y., et al. (2017). J Enzym Inhib Med Ch |
3′-O-methyldiplacol | Flavonoids | P. tomentosa | Autoproteolytic activation | PLpro | - | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
3′-O-methyldiplacone | Flavonoids | P. tomentosa | Autoproteolytic activation | PLpro | - | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
3-Isotheaflavin-3-gallate | Polyphenols | Black tea | Autoproteolytic activation | PLpro | | SARS-CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
4′-O-methyldiplacol | Flavonoids | P. tomentosa | Autoproteolytic activation | PLpro | - | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
4′-O-methyldiplacone | Flavonoids | P. tomentosa | Autoproteolytic activation | PLpro | - | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Sugiol | Terpenes | Herbal plants | Genomic RNA replication, autoproteolytic activation | Replication, 3CLpro | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Zhang, D. H., (2020) J Integr Med |
4-hydroxyisolonchocarpin | Flavonoids | B. papyrifera | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro - PLpro | - | MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV | - | - | Not available | Park, J. Y., et al. (2017). J Enzym Inhib Med Ch |
4'-O-methylbavachalcone | Phenols | P. corylifolia | Autoproteolytic activation | PLpro | - | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
6-geranyl-4′,5,7-trihydroxy-3′,5′-dimethoxyflavanone | Flavonoids | P. tomentosa | Autoproteolytic activation | PLpro | - | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
7-Methoxycryptopleurine | Quinolizines | T. indica | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro or PLpro | - | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
8β-hydroxyabieta-9(11),13-dien-12-one | Terpenes | C. regelianus | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro | | SARS-CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Cryptotanshinone | Hydrocarbons | Herbal plants | Autoproteolytic activation | PLpro and 3CLpro | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Zhang, D. H., (2020) J Integr Med |
Amentoflavone | Pyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/Flavonoids | T. nucifera | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro | - | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Andrograpanin | Terpenes | A. paniculata | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Apigenin | Pyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/Flavonoids | T. nucifera | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro | - | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Bavachinin | Pyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/Flavonoids | P. corylifolia | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro | - | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Dihydrotanshinone | Hydrocarbons | Herbal plants | Translation of S protein | Entry and S protein | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Zhang, D. H., (2020) J Integr Med |
Berchemol | Glycosides/Glucosides | S. maculata | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Beta-sitosterol | Phytosterols/Sitosterol | I. indigotica | Autoproteolytic activation | PLpro | - | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Biorobin | Glycosides | F. benjamina | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Broussochalcone A | Pyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/Flavonoids | B. papyrifera | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro - PLpro | - | MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res - Park, J. Y., et al. (2017). J Enzym Inhib Med Ch |
Lignan | Lignans | Plants | Genomic RNA replication, autoproteolytic activation | Replication, 3CLpro | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Zhang, D. H., (2020) J Integr Med |
Broussochalcone B | Pyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/Flavonoids | B. papyrifera | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro or PLpro | - | HCoVs - MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res - Park, J. Y., et al. (2017). J Enzym Inhib Med Ch |
Broussoflavan A | Flavonoids | B. papyrifera | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro or PLpro | - | HCoVs - MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res - Park, J. Y., et al. (2017). J Enzym Inhib Med Ch |
Broussonol E | Pyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/Flavonoids | B. papyrifera | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro - PLpro | - | SARS‑CoV - MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res - Park, J. Y., et al. (2017). J Enzym Inhib Med Ch |
Cerevisterol | Phytosterols | V. diffusa | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Chrysin-7-O-β-glucuronide | Flavonoids | S. baicalensis | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Cinnamtannin B1 | Tannins/Proanthocyanidins | Cinnamomi cortex | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro | | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Cleistocaltone A | Terpenes | C. operculatus | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Coumaroyltyramine | Amines | F. cymosi rhizoma - Anemarrhenae rhizoma | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro - PLpro | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Zhang, D. H., (2020) J Integr Med |
Curcumin | Diarylheptanoids | Curcuma longa | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro | - | SARS‑CoV | - | - | 2 | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Deacetylcentapicrin | Glycosides | S. macrosperma | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Diarylheptanoids | Diarylheptanoids | A. japonica | Autoproteolytic activation | PLpro | - | - | - | - | Not available | Park, JY., et al., (2012) Biol Pharm Bull |
Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid | Autacoids | Lepidii semen descurainiae semen | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Zhang, D. H., (2020) J Integr Med |
Diplacone | Pyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/Flavonoids | P. tomentosa | Autoproteolytic activation | PLpro | - | HCoVs | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Flavonoids | Flavonoids | P. tomentosa | Autoproteolytic activation | PLpro | - | SARS-CoV (ulbani strain) | - | 2 | Available | Cho, J. K., et al. (2013) Bioorg Med Chem |
Hinokinin | Lignans | C. obtusa | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro | - | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Indigo | Indoles | I. indigotica | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro | - | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Isobavachalcone | Ketones | P. corylifolia | Autoproteolytic activation | PLpro | - | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Isodecortinol | Sterols | V. diffusa | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Kaempferol | Pyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/Flavonoids | E. breviscapus - Anemarrhenae rhizoma - A. japonicae herba - Asteris radix et rhizoma - Chrysanthemi flos - Epimrdii herba - Eriobotryae folium - E. helioscopiae herba - F. flos - Floium mori - F. fructus - Fortunes bossfern rhizome - Ginkgo semen - H. multijugum maxim. - H. herba - H. dulcis semen - I. flos - Lepidii semen descurainiae semen - L. japonicae flos - Mori follum - Radix bupleuri - T. cacumen - Cortex mori - G. glabra | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro - PLpro | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Zhang, D. H., (2020) J Integr Med |
Kazinol A | Pyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/Flavonoids | B. papyrifera | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro - PLpro | - | SARS‑CoV - MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res - Park, J. Y., et al. (2017). J Enzym Inhib Med Ch |
Kazinol B | Pyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/Flavonoids | B. papyrifera | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro - PLpro | - | SARS‑CoV - MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res - Park, J. Y., et al. (2017). J Enzym Inhib Med Ch |
Kazinol F | Pyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/Flavonoids | B. papyrifera | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro - PLpro | - | SARS‑CoV - MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res - Park, J. Y., et al. (2017). J Enzym Inhib Med Ch |
Kazinol J | Pyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/Flavonoids | B. papyrifera | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro - PLpro | - | SARS‑CoV - MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res - Park, J. Y., et al. (2017). J Enzym Inhib Med Ch |
Kouitchenside I | Xanthenes/Xanthones | S. kouitchensis | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Lycorine | Alkaloids | L. radiata (Stem cortex) | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro | - | SARS-CoV (BJ001, BJ006) - SARS‑CoV | Vero E6 | - | Not available | Li, S. Y., et al., (2005) Antivir res - Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Magnolol | Lignans | M. officinalis | Autoproteolytic activation | PLpro | In silico prediction | - | - | 1 | Available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Moupinamide | Cinnamates | Coptidis rhizoma | Autoproteolytic activation | PLpro | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Zhang, D. H., (2020) J Integr Med |
Neobavaisoflavone | Pyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/Flavonoids | P. corylifolia | Autoproteolytic activation | PLpro | - | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Oleanolic acid | Terpenes | S. kouitchensis | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Ouabain | Glycosides/Stophanthins | A. schimperi - S. gratus | Autoproteolytic activation | PLpro | | SARS-CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Phaitanthrin D | Quinazolines | I. indigotica | Autoproteolytic activation | PLpro | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Piceatannol | Stilbenes | V. vinifera | Autoproteolytic activation | PLpro | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Procyanidin A2 | Terpenes | Cinnamomi cortex | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro or PLpro | - | HCoVs | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Quercetin | Flavonoids | A. japonicae herba - Asteris radix et rhizoma - Chrysanthemi flos - Coptidis rhizoma - Epimrdii herba - E. breviscapus - E. folium - E. helioscopiae herba - F. flos - Floium mori - F. fructus - Ginkgo semen - H. multijugum maxim. - H. herba - H. dulcis semen - I. flos - Lepidii semen descurainiae semen - L. japonicae flos - Mori follum - Peucedani radix - Bupleuri radix - F. cymosi rhizoma - T. cacumen - Cortex mori - G. glabra - T. nucifera | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro - PLpro | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Zhang, D. H., (2020) J Integr Med - Li, X.,et al., (2020) Preprints - Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Quercetin-3-β-galactoside | Flavonoids | H. perforatum | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro | - | SARS-CoV | - | - | Not available | Chen, L. et al., (2006). Bioorg Med Chem |
Rosmarinic acid | Benzoates | S. verticillata L. | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro - PLpro | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Rosmariquinone | Phenanthrenes | S. miltiorrhiza | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro | - | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Savinin | Lignans | P. santalinus | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro | - | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Stigmast-5-en-3-ol | Phytosterols | S. binchuanensis | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Tannic acid | Polyphenols | C. sinensis | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro | - | SARS-CoV | - | 232 | Available | Chen, C. N., et al. (2005) Ecam |
Tanshinone IIa | Terpenes | Peucedani radix | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro - PLpro | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Zhang, D. H., (2020) J Integr Med |
(1S,2R,4aS,5R,8aS)-1-Formamido-1,4a-dimethyl-6-methylene-5-((E)-2-(2-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-3-yl)ethenyl)decahydronaphthalen-2-yl 5-((R)-1,2-dithiolan-3-yl) pentanoate | Terpenes | A. paniculata | Autoproteolytic activation - Genomic RNA replication | 3CLpro - RdRp | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
2-((1R,5R,6R,8aS)-6-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-5,8a-dimethyl-2-methylenedecahydronaphthalen-1-yl)ethyl benzoate | Terpenes | A. paniculata | Autoproteolytic activation - Genomic RNA replication | 3CLpro - RdRp | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-2-[[2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-5,7-dihydroxy-2H-1-benzopyran-3-yl]oxy]-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-3,4,5,7-tetrol | Tannins/Proanthocyanidins | V. vinifera | Autoproteolytic activation - Genomic RNA replication | PLpro - RdRp | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
2β-Hydroxy-3, 4-seco-friedelolactone-27-oic acid | Friedelolactones | V. diffusa | Autoproteolytic activation - Genomic RNA replication | 3CLpro - RdRp | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Andrographiside | Terpenes | A. paniculata | Autoproteolytic activation - Genomic RNA replication | 3CLpro - RdRp | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Baicalin | Pyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/Flavonoids | S. baicalensis | Autoproteolytic activation - Genomic RNA replication | PLpro - RdRp | In silico prediction | In vitro antiviral activity against 10 isolates of SARS-CoV | fRhK-4 | - | Not available | Chen, F., et al. (2004), J Clin Virol - Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Betulinic acid | Terpenes | Cortex mori - F. Fructus - H. multijugum maxim. - T. cacumen - Eriobotryae folium - G. glabra - Peucedani radix | Autoproteolytic activation - Genomic RNA replication | 3CLpro | In silico prediction | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res - Zhang, D. H., (2020) J Integr Med |
Betulonal | Terpenes | C. xylocarpa | Autoproteolytic activation - Genomic RNA replication | 3CLpro - RdRp | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Gnidicin | Terpenes | G. lamprantha | Autoproteolytic activation - Genomic RNA replication | 3CLpro - RdRp | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Hesperidin | Glycosides/Hesperidin | C. aurantium L. - Swertia genus | Autoproteolytic activation - Genomic RNA replication | 3CLpro - Helicase | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Phyllaemblinol | Terpenes | P. emblica | Autoproteolytic activation - Genomic RNA replication | 3CLpro - Helicase | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Sugetriol-3,9-diacetate | Terpenes | C. rotundus | Autoproteolytic activation - Genomic RNA replication | PLpro - RdRp | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Theaflavin 3,3′-di-O-gallate | Flavonoids | C. sinensis | Autoproteolytic activation - Genomic RNA replication | 3CLpro - RdRp | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Platycodin D | Glycosides/Saponins | P. grandifloras | Autoproteolytic activation - Subgenomic RNAs transcription | PLpro - Nsp1, Nsp3c, and ORF7a | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
(R)-((1R,5aS,6R,9aS)-1,5a-Dimethyl-7-methylene-3-oxo-6-((E)-2-(2-oxo-2,5- dihydrofuran-3-yl)ethenyl)decahydro-1H-benzo[c]azepin-1-yl)methyl 2-amino-3-phenylpropanoate | Terpenes | A. paniculata | Genomic RNA replication | RdRp | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
1,2,6-Trimethoxy-8-[(6-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-9H-xanthen-9-one | Xanthenes/Xanthones | S. mussotii | Genomic RNA replication | RdRp | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
1,7-Dihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone | Xanthenes/Xanthones | S. pseudochinensis | Genomic RNA replication | RdRp | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
1,8-Dihydroxy-6-methoxy-2-[(6-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-9H-xanthen-9-one | Xanthenes/Xanthones | S. kouitchensis | Genomic RNA replication | RdRp | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
14-Deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide | Terpenes | A. paniculata | Genomic RNA replication | RdRp | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
14-hydroxycyperotundone | Terpenes | C. rotundus | Genomic RNA replication | RdRp | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
1-hydroxy-2,6-dimethoxy-8-[(6-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-9H-xanthen-9-one | Xanthenes/Xanthones | Swertia genus | Genomic RNA replication | Helicase | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
2β,30β-Dihydroxy-3,4-seco-friedelolactone-27-lactone | Friedelolactones | V. diffusa | Genomic RNA replication | RdRp | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
3,5-dimethoxy-1-[(6-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-9H-xanthen-9-one | Xanthenes/Xanthones | Swertia genus | Genomic RNA replication | Helicase | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
3β,12-diacetoxyabieta-6,8,11,13-tetraene | Terpenes | - | Genomic RNA replication | - | - | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
8-(β-D-Glucopyranosyloxy)-1,3,5-trihydroxy-9H-xanthen-9-one | Xanthenes/Xanthones | S. mussotii | Genomic RNA replication | RdRp | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
8,2-dihydroxy-3,4,5-trimethoxy-1-[(6-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-9H-xanthen-9-one | Xanthenes/Xanthones | Swertia genus | Genomic RNA replication | Helicase | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
8β-hydroxyabieta-9(11),13-dien-12-one | - | C. harringtonia | Genomic RNA replication | - | - | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Aescin | Glycosides/Saponins/Escin | A. hippocastanum | Genomic RNA replication | - | - | SARS-CoV (H.K. strain) | Vero E6 | 1 | Available | Wu CY., et al., (2004) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A |
Betulonic acid | Terpenes | - | Genomic RNA replication | - | | SARS-CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Ferruginol | Terpenes | S. sempervirens | Genomic RNA replication | - | - | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Ginsenoside-Rb1 | Glycosides/Saponins | P. ginseng | Genomic RNA replication | - | - | SARS-CoV (H.K. strain) | Vero E6 | - | Not available | Wu CY., et al., (2004) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A |
HomoV.in | Pyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/Flavonoids | Swertia genus | Genomic RNA replication | Helicase | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Kouitchenside A | Xanthenes/Xanthones | Swertia genus | Genomic RNA replication | Helicase | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Kouitchenside H | Xanthenes/Xanthones | Swertia genus | Genomic RNA replication | Helicase | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Myricetin | Flavonoids | A. perviridis - Myricaceae - Anacardiaceae - Polygonaceae - Pinaceae - Primulaceae | Genomic RNA replication | Helicase | In silico prediction | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Park, JY., et al., (2012) Biol Pharm Bull - Li, X.,et al., (2020) Preprints - Keum, Y. S., et al., (2012) Biochem Pharmacol |
Phyllaemblicin B | Terpenes | P. emblica | Genomic RNA replication | Helicase - RdRp | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Quercetagetin 6-O-β-D-glucopyranoside | Flavonoids | Swertia genus | Genomic RNA replication | Helicase | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Reserpine | Alkaloids | Rauwolfia | Genomic RNA replication | - | - | SARS-CoV (H.K. strain) | Vero E6 | - | Not available | Wu CY., et al., (2004) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A |
Rutin | Pyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/Flavonoids | Swertia genus | Genomic RNA replication | Helicase | In silico prediction | - | - | 1 | Available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Scutellarein | Pyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/Flavonoids | S. lateriflora - A. perviridis | Genomic RNA replication | Helicase | - | SARS-CoV | - | - | Not available | Keum, Y. S., et al., (2012) Biochem Pharmacol - Park, JY., et al., (2012) Biol Pharm Bull |
Sinefungin | Glycosides/Nucleosides | Streptomyces | Genomic RNA replication | RNA guanine-N7-methyltransferase | - | SARS-CoV | - | - | Not available | Sun, Y., et al. (2014) Antivir res |
Triptexanthoside D | Xanthenes/Xanthones | Swertia genus | Genomic RNA replication | Helicase | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
α-glucosyl hesperidin | Flavonoids | Swertia genus | Genomic RNA replication | Helicase | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Emodin | Quinones | Rhubarb | Receptor binding and viral entry | S protein | - | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Excoecaria toxin | Terpenes | E. agallocha | Receptor binding and viral entry | S protein | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Glycyrrhizin | Terpenes | G. glabra root | Receptor binding and viral entry | - | - | Clinical isolates of coronavirus (FFM-1 and FFM-2) | Vero E6 | 5 | Available | Cinatl, J., et al., (2003) The Lancet - Chen, F., et al. (2004), J Clin Virol |
Lectins | Lectins | Plants | Receptor binding and viral entry | S protein | - | SARS-CoV (Frankfurt 1 strain) | Vero E6 | 2 | Available | Keyaerts, E., et al., (2007) Antivir res |
Licoflavonol | Flavonoids | G. uralensis | Receptor binding and viral entry | S protein | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Mangostin | Xanthenes/Xanthones | G. mangostana | Receptor binding and viral entry | S protein | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Phyllaemblicin G7 | Terpenes | P. emblica | Receptor binding and viral entry | S protein | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Piceatannol | Stilbenes | V. vinifera | Receptor binding and viral entry | S protein | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Psoralidin | Pyrans/Benzopyrans/Coumarins | P. corylifolia | Receptor binding and viral entry | - | | SARS-CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Rhein | Quinones | Rhubarb | Receptor binding and viral entry | S protein | - | SARS‑CoV | - | 1 | Available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Saikosaponins B2 | Glycosides/Saponins | Bupleurum spp | Receptor binding and viral entry | - | - | HCoV-229E | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Chrysin | Pyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/Flavonoids | S. baicalensis | Receptor binding and viral entry - Autoproteolytic activation | S protein - PLpro | In silico prediction | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res - Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Cosmosiin | Pyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/Flavonoids | S. baicalensis | Receptor binding and viral entry - Autoproteolytic activation | S protein - 3CLpro | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Luteolin | Pyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/Flavonoids | T. nucifera | Receptor binding and viral entry - Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro or Plpro | - | SARS‑CoV, HCoVs | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Neohesperidin | Pyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/Flavonoids | C. aurantium | Receptor binding and viral entry - Autoproteolytic activation | S protein - 3CLpro - PLpro | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Extract | - | Eucalyptus - G. scabra - D. batatas - C. tora - T. chinensis - C. barometz - H. cordata aq. - I. indigotica - L. japonica - P. ginseng - Rheum officinale Baill., P. multiflorum Thunb. | Receptor binding and viral entry - Autoproteolytic activation - Genomic RNA replication | S protein - 3CLpro | In silico prediction | SARS-CoV (H.K. strain) | Vero E6 | 1 | Available | Wu CY., et al., (2004) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A - Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Harmonyl | Alkaloids | Fortunes bossfern rhizome | Receptor binding and viral entry - Autoproteolytic activation - Genomic RNA replication | 3CLpro | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Zhang, D. H., (2020) J Integr Med |
Hesperetin | Glycosides/Hesperidin | I. indigotica | Receptor binding and viral entry - Genomic RNA replication | - | - | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Kouitchenside D | Xanthenes/Xanthones | Swertia genus - S. kouitchensis | Receptor binding and viral entry - Genomic RNA replication | S protein - Helicase | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Cefpiramide | Beta-Lactams | P. grandifloras | Subgenomic RNAs transcription | Nsp1, Nsp3c, and ORF7a | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Juglanin | Pyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/Flavonoids | P. aviculare | Subgenomic RNAs transcription | 3a protein | - | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Lymecycline | Tetracyclines | P. grandifloras | Subgenomic RNAs transcription | Nsp1, Nsp3c, and ORF7a | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Piperacillin | Beta-Lactams | P. grandifloras | Subgenomic RNAs transcription | Nsp1, Nsp3c, and ORF7a | In silico prediction | - | - | 4 | Available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Streptomycin | Glycosides | P. grandifloras | Subgenomic RNAs transcription | Nsp1, Nsp3c, and ORF7a | In silico prediction | - | - | 2 | Available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Tetracycline | Tetracyclines | P. grandifloras | Subgenomic RNAs transcription | Nsp1, Nsp3c, and ORF7a | In silico prediction | - | - | 2 | Available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Vitexin | Pyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/Flavonoids | V. negundo | Subgenomic RNAs transcription | Nsp1, Nsp3c, and ORF7a | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Amentoflavone | Flavones | T. nucifera | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro | - | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Apigenin | Pyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/Flavonoids | T. nucifera | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro | - | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Bavachinin | Pyrans/Benzopyrans/Chromans/Flavonoids | P. corylifolia | Autoproteolytic activation | PLpro | - | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Beta-sitosterol | Phytosterols/Sitosterol | I. indigotica | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro | - | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
6-geranyl-4′,5,7-trihydroxy-3′,5′-dimethoxyflavanone | Flavones | P. tomentosa | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro | - | SARS-CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
8β-hydroxyabieta-9(11),13-dien-12-one | Terpens | I. indigotica | Genomic RNA replication | Replication | - | SARS-CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Sinigrin | Glycosides/Glucosides/Thioglucosides/Glucosinolates | P. tomentosa | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro - PLpro | - | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Tetra-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose (TGG) | - | P. Emblica | Receptor binding and viral entry | - | - | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Tomentin | Coumarins | - | Autoproteolytic activation | 3CLpro - PLpro | - | SARS‑CoV | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Wogonoside | Flavonoids | S. baicalensis | Subgenomic RNAs transcription | Nsp1, Nsp3c, and ORF7a | In silico prediction | - | - | - | Not available | Wu, C., et al. (2020). Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. |
Cepharanthine | Alkaloids | S. tetrandra | Translation of S, M, and E proteins | S and N protein expression | - | HCoV-OC43 | MRC-5 | - | Not available | Kim, D. E., et al., (2019) Biomolecules |
Fangchinoline | Alkaloids | S. tetrandra | Translation of S, M, and E proteins | S and N protein expression | - | HCoV-OC43 | MRC-5 | - | Not available | Kim, D. E., et al., (2019) Biomolecules |
Silvestrol | Terpenes | Aglaia | Translation of S, M, and E proteins | - | - | HCoV-229E | - | - | Not available | Islam MT et al. (2020) Phytother Res |
Tetrandrine | Alkaloids | S. tetrandra | Translation of S, M, and E proteins | S and N protein expression | - | HCoV-OC43 | MRC-5 | 1 | Available | Kim, D. E., et al., (2019) Biomolecules |